The first section of Mendeleev's book dealt with just eight of the known elements — carbon ... occupy the same column on the periodic table (called a "group") have identical valence electron ...

The periodic table of elements is a cornerstone of modern chemistry ... What is considered the most important element? Carbon atoms — from Group 4 — bond in long chains, and voilà: sugars. The ...

Elements in a group, or family, have similar properties. The periodic table can predict the properties ... These columns are headed by boron, carbon and nitrogen. In this neighborhood, some ...

The periodic ... Moving down the table, periods are longer because it takes more electrons to fill the larger and more complex outer levels. The columns of the table represent groups, or families ...

In the periodic table of elements there is one golden rule for carbon, oxygen and other light elements: Under high pressures, they have similar structures to heavier elements in the same group of ...

More specifically, carbon-based chemistry terms. Carbon settled into a tough spot on the periodic table. To feel satisfied and content, elements need full "sets" of electrons in their outer shell.