Experimentally, the pitch of a growl is best characterized by the fundamental frequency, which is the lowest frequency in the mix. Timbre: This is a measure of the complexity of the sound and is ...

"We could hear the crabs 'growling' at us, but we could not see how they were producing the sound," she said. "After finding no external structures and movements that could produce the distinctive ...

When other approaching dogs hear that particular sound they inevitably stop moving toward the growling dog, as if anticipating that if they draw any nearer they will be met by hostility.