A plasmid is a small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule that is distinct from a cell's chromosomal DNA. Plasmids naturally exist in bacterial cells, and they also occur in some eukaryotes.

In this article, we discuss transformation, bacterial transformation in particular, and how scientists can utilize it to ...

Bacteria commonly produce toxins that are lethal to themselves, but also produce the required antitoxins. These toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems may be useful in modifying bacteria for biotechnology ...

Together, this complex shuts off gene expression to keep the plasmid safe within its bacterial host. This newly discovered mechanism offers a fresh insight into long-range gene silencing in bacteria.

In the microscopic world of bacteria, gene transfer is a powerful mechanism that can alter cellular function, drive antibiotic resistance and even shape entire ecosystems. Now an interdisciplinary ...

without having to cultivate individual bacterial organisms. However, the ability to confidently distinguish what is a plasmid ...

Over the years, plasmid DNA isolation technology has provided researchers with multiple efficient methods for isolating and purifying pDNA for specific applications. Despite these advancements, the ...

The diagram illustrates the process of genetic modification using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Initially, the agrobacterium cell contains a bacterial chromosome and a Tumor-inducing plasmid (Ti plasmid) ...