Scientists in China built a four-terminal perovskite-CIGS tandem solar cell based on a top semi-transparent perovskite device with an efficiency of 21.26% and a high bifaciality factor of 92.2%. They ...

The annealing process reshapes the Cu NWs from a rectangular to a semicircular arch form, improving their crystallinity. In the subsequent oxidation step, the Cu NWs are converted into copper oxide.

With this advancement, hydrogen annealing could pave the way for more efficient, sustainable solar energy solutions, bringing affordable green energy closer to reality.