As mentioned earlier, when water flows across cooling lava, or through cracks in rock, it can form minerals like amphibole or serpentine, which show up in volcanic rocks here on Earth.

This aa flow erupted from fissure 8 on Kilauea Volcano’s lower East Rift Zone on June 1, shows how the interior of a lava flow remains incandescently hot even though surface cooling forms a ...

Apollo 17 mission brought back lunar soil. Astronauts found tiny glass beads called Moon beads. These beads formed 3.3 billion years ago during volcan ...